Types of Antique Clocks
There are many different styles of antique clocks, including mantel, shelf, wall hanging, floor standing, automaton, advertising, banjo and grandfather. Several of the most notable brands and styles on the antique market that are especially valuable will be explained further below.
Antique Clock Makers
- E. Howard & Co.
- Seth Thomas Clock Company
- Ithaca Calendar Clock Company
- Howard & Davis
- Aaron Willard
- Simon Willard
- Welch, Spring & Co.
- Birge & Fuller
- Walter Durfee
- André Romain Guilme
- George A. Jones
- John Stowell
- Elmer O. Stennes
- Foster Campos
- Paul Rogers & Son
- Silas B. Terry
Durfee
Walter Durfee was born in 1857 in Providence, Rhode Island. He worked as an architect before opening an antique business in 1877, where he developed a special interest in clocks and traveled the world to look for them. In 1881, he established Durfee & Enches — an antique shop — with fellow Providence-based antique collector, Charles Pendleton.
The pair decided that they would buy new, high-quality clocks from England and sell them under the Durfee & Enches name. Their strategy was successful, as these clocks sold very well and they had to move to larger shop locations on several occasions.
In 1884, John Harrington of England patented the first tubular chimes for clocks, which became immediately successful. After meeting Harrington on one of his trips to England in 1886, Durfee decided to obtain the U.S. patent rights to Harrington's tubes, which Durfee was granted the following year. With this patent, Durfee established a monopoly on tall case clocks with tubular chimes.
To further expand the business, Durfee invested in the Tubular Bell Company in Massachusetts in 1896. The company produced a larger version of the tubular chime for tower clocks in universities and churches throughout the country.
Then in 1902, Durfee lost the patent. Although his business suffered, Durfee refused to create lower quality clocks at lower prices, as many of his competitors had. In 1907, he expanded his clock line to include banjo clocks, which had some success. However, by 1930, Durfee had become more involved in repairing clocks than assembling or selling them.
Waltham
The Waltham Clock Company of Waltham, Massachusetts, was established in 1897. The company primarily produced hall clocks, shelf clocks and wall clocks. In 1913, it sold to Waltham Watch, a large watchmaking company. However, Waltham Watch continued to make clocks under the Waltham Clock Company name until 1923 when the company name changed to Waltham Watch and Clock Company.
The name changed once again in 1925 to Waltham Watch Co. before it closed in 1930. During its tenure, the company produced high-quality clocks — Waltham grandfather clocks are some of the most popular on the antique market.
Westminster Chime
If you've ever heard the chiming of clock bells, you were likely listening to a Westminster chime clock. These clocks chime to a melody called Westminster Quarters that strike to mark each quarter of an hour. The amount of chime sets corresponds to the number of quarter hours that have passed.
Originally written for a clock in St. Mary the Great church in Cambridge in 1793, the chime was adopted in 1851 for use in a new clock at the Palace of Westminster, home to the famous Big Ben.
The chime came to America in 1875 when E. Howard & Co. clock company incorporated it into a tower clock mechanism in Trinity Episcopal Church in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. The melody was instantly popular, and it became one of the most commonly used chimes in striking clocks.
French Industrial Clocks
During the late 1800s through the early 1900s, French clocks with an "industrial" theme were made to celebrate the accomplishments of the Industrial Revolution. Crafted from high-quality materials such as bronze and designed with a gilded and detailed look, the clock forms were modeled after things such as steam engines, cars, boats, submarines, boilers and windmills.
One of the most prominent makers of French industrial clocks was André Romain Guilmet. In addition to his industrial-themed clocks, he was also well known for his "mystery clocks," where a pendulum hangs from the arm of a female statue and swings almost imperceptibly with no apparent means of power to keep the clock ticking.
